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Ethical context of resource allocation with regard to the possibilities and limits of chronic dialysis treatment
Dingová Šliková, Martina ; Jedličková, Anetta (advisor) ; Dusilová Sulková, Sylvie (referee) ; Rosina, Jozef (referee)
The main theme of the dissertation work are allocations of sources in regular dialysis treatment in ethical context. The aim of the work is detection, description and understanding to ethical problems forming in context with questionable allocation of sources in regular dialysis treatment. The theoretical part of the work is concentrated on mapping above mentioned problems from various point of view. By the help of analysis of pertinent literature it is referred to historical determination and social-economic context of difficult allocation of rare sources in health service, which subsequently caused development of specific ethical problems in clinical practice of dialysis treatment. Above mentioned ethical problems are discussed chronologically, namely from the first using of a dialysis device up to now, when this therapy is considered to be a standard clinical method. The practical part of the work contains results of high-quality research, the aim of which was to explore the experience of respondents with allocation of resources in regular dialysis treatment and so in ethical context. The dates for the research were obtained by the help of expert dialogues, the method of interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to the analysis of dates. The results of the research is the interpretation...
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New diets for patients on dialysis
Kubíková, Kristýna ; Matějková, Miroslava (advisor) ; Zakiyanov, Oskar (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on new diets for dialysis patients. The aim is to create a new dietary regime system that meets the dietary requirements during dialysis treatment and also make the work of nutritional therapists easier. The old system was based on "common rational diet no. 3" and the food was selected individualy for every patient in order to avoid unsuitable meals in the dietary regime. This system was rather time consuming and the nutritional values did not meet the requirements of a dialysis diet. The anatomy and physiology emphasis is placed especially on chronic renal insufficiency. The privotal point of this chapter is the dialysis treatment and a description of dietotherapy in this stage of kidney failure. The practical part looks as the methodology of creating a new dietary regime. The result part compares the improvement in nutritional values with the original "rational diet no.3" and also looks at the methodology of creating new dietary regimes. The main research goal of the questionnare was to find out the patient's satisfaction with the new dialysis diet. Another goal was to discover the nutritional balance of individual dishes and the willingness to continue the diet after hospitalization. Finally, I would also like to mention that theoretically prepared dietary regime was put...
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Examination Methods in Kidney Disease and Urinary Tract from the Perspective of a Nurse
HOLÁNOVÁ, Klára
Theoretical part of the thesis: In the theoretical part, the most frequently used examination methods for kidney and urinary tract diseases are briefly described. For each examination method, the course of examination is described and also the information necessary for patients who are due to undergo it are included. Individual examination methods also include a description of the nurse's work which is related to the corresponding examination. Aims of the thesis: In the empirical part, two aims are set. The first aim was to ascertain the specificity of nursing care of a patient after a diagnostic cystoscopy, to which this question was posed: What information on the issues of complications after diagnostic cystoscopy do the nurses have? The second aim was to ascertain with what information the nurses provide patients before the sonography of kidneys and bladder. To this aim, following question was posed: With what information do the nurses provide patients before the sonography of kidneys and bladder? Methodology of the thesis: To create the empirical part, qualitative research using a semi-structured interview method was selected. The research sample was comprised of nurses from the departments of urology of selected hospitals of the South Bohemian Region. The data collection was carried out after the interview questions were approved by the head of the nursing staff and after an agreement with the charge nurse of particular department. The matter of this research was explained to every respondent and they were assured that their answers are anonymous and would be used only in the empirical part of this thesis. Due to the disagreement of nurses with recording of interviews, the interviews were written down in hand and then rewritten on a computer. The interviews contained a total of 15 questions ascertaining identification data, general nursing care, the most frequently performed examinations, problems of patients, preparation and providing information before a sonographic examination and a diagnostic cystoscopy. The data obtained were further processed into categorization groups and analysed. Results: In the empirical part, we ascertained from the results of the research survey that the nurse's care of patients at the department of urology is rather average, but the nurses are familiar with the basics of nursing and they know how to prepare patients for the examination. The research survey showed that nurses are not familiar with the preparation of a patient for a sonographic examination of kidneys not a single nurse stated the instructions to patient on non-flatulent diet on the day before the examination. The nurses are mostly familiar with care of a patient after a diagnostic cystoscopy and they are informed about possible complications associated with this examination. Conclusion: The theme of this bachelor thesis was chosen and written about to deepen my knowledge on this issue. The thesis could also be used as a study material for nurses who do not have enough information on this issue and would like to deepen their knowledge. It could also be suitable for patients who are not sure about the examination they should undergo.
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